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PATTERNS AND PROCESSES OF RECRUITMENT AND
TRAFFICKING INTO SEX WORK IN NIGERIA
R.A. Aborisade and A.A. Aderinto
Department of Sociology,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria,
aderinto@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Nigeria, as a major country of origin of the victims, contributes to the
global problem of trafficking in young women and girls mainly for sexual
exploitation. Using information gathered from Edo and Lagos states of
Nigeria, through case studies, and in-depth and key-informant
interviews, this paper probes the strategies employed by the traffickers
and the activities that characterize the recruitment and trafficking into
sex work. The study found that the families are both facilitators of
recruitment and exploiters of the prostitution of their relatives. The
recruitment patterns and trafficking processes were characterized by
deception, extortion, violence and exploitation with severe consequences
for the emotional, psychological and health conditions of the victims. To
contain the activities of the traffickers, the use of formal and informal
channels of education to enlighten the populace on the ulterior motives
of the traffickers is suggested.
JEL classification: J22, J23, J24
THE FREE TRADE AND PROTECTIONISM DIVIDING LINE:
A Profit Maximization Approach
Oumar Bouare
AEM, 2 rue de la Convention,
75015 Paris, France
Obouare@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
The ongoing debate between proponents of free trade and protectionism
stems from the lack of an agreed dividing line among manufacturing
industries between free trade and protectionism. In this paper, we follow
a profit maximization approach to determine from a duopoly model of
differentiated products this trade line, the GATT line and the domestic
industry's stay-exit function to show when protectionism, managed or
free trade should be implemented. This framework is used to propose
strategies that can prevent the destruction of a domestic industry. In
addition, we propose rules that can avert a trade war and increase the
wealth of the world community.
JEL classification: F10, F14
INCOME INEQUALITY AND ITS SOURCES IN NIGERIA:
A Factor Component Decomposition Approach
A.S. Oyekale , J-V Duclos , A. Araar , A.I. Adeoti 1 2 2 1 and T.O. Oyekale1
1. Department of Agricultural Economics,
University of Ibadan, Nigeria,
as.oyekale@mail.ui.edu.ng
2. Department of Economics,
Université Laval, Quebec, Canada,
jyves@ecn.ulaval.ca, aabd@ecn.ulaval.ca
ABSTRACT
A factor component decomposition approach of income inequality can
provide useful information for policy makers to ensure an equitable
distribution of income. Using the 2004 Nigeria Living Standard Survey
(NLSS) data, this study analyses income inequality and decomposes the
Gini coefficient based on contributions from different income sources.
Incomes from employment (wages), agriculture and non-farm business
account for the largest share of incomes. Income inequality is high in
Nigeria with the income from employment increasing inequality, while
income from agriculture reduces it. Non-farm income reduces inequality
in urban areas, while it increases it in rural areas. The introduction of
infrastructural facilities are recommended for maximum utilization of the
potential for equitable development in rural areas, while recent economic
reforms in Nigeria should closely address the issue of a minimum wage,
disparities in remuneration and agricultural development.
JEL classification: D31, D33, E 25, O15
EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF GOVERNANCE
IN NIGERIA IN RELATION TO POVERTY,
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Rex O. Aruofor
Benson Idahosa University,
Benin City, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Out of the forty-five years since Nigeria's independence in 1960, nine
different regimes have presided over the country's affairs. Of these, five
have been military, and three civilian. What is worrisome is that military
leaders are clamouring to be given another chance by the Nigerian
electorate. It is believed that the Nigerian electorate will be in a better
position to make this decision if, indeed, they can evaluate objectively the
performance of such past military leaders. This paper evaluates the
relative performance of the regimes from 1980 to 2002. Their impact on
growth and development, as well as their measures to alleviate poverty
are assessed. The level of response of the different regimes to national
issues and their policies are measured in empirical terms. Such a study
could serve as a check on these leaders if given another chance as well
as a postmortem evaluation of performance in governance. It was found
that the Obasanjo-Atiku regime performed relatively better than the other
regimes and that governance under a civilian democracy was preferred
to a military dictatorship.
JEL classification: O11, O47, P52
PANEL DATA ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS
OF TRADE IN AFRICA AND ASIA
Basil A. Chukwu
Department of Economics
University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
banayochukwu@yahoo.co.uk
ABSTRACT
Trade arrangements of some multilateral and bilateral organizations were
designed to serve as a platform for member countries to improve their
terms of trade benefits. But despite these arrangements which were
designed to improve trade, some regions are still under the burden of low
trade yields. Factors that affect trade in these regions have been
identified to be twofold: Institutional structures and policy inconsistencies
of the regions, which include border protection, trade-weighted and
single average tariffs, tariff peaks, high exchange rates, poor
transportation networks, and high cost of borrowing among others. This
study therefore takes a look at these factors that affects trade among some
African and Asian countries. The study examined eighteen developing
countries adopting panel data estimation techniques to investigate the
performance of the parameters on imports, exports and openness. The
result of our findings are quite interesting as it was evident that the
problems associated with the minimal performances in trade by
developing countries do not lie in the markets but in the implementation
of policies and structures of trade, among others. Growth in the region
is very feasible if governments/policy makers could reconsider and
reexamine their trade policies and structures; strengthen their traditional
trade institutions and realign them with those of other regions of the wold
that have fared better in trade; and give priority to policy
implementations. Implementation in this sense covers trade agreements
in economic, political and institutional aspects.
JEL classification: F1, F2, F4, O1
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